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Carter, John Ross and Mahinda Palihawadana, trans. and ed. The Dhammapada. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Cone, Margaret. "Patna Dharmapada, Part I: Text," in Journal of the Pali Text Society, XIII, 1989: 101-217.

Dhammajoti, Bhikkhu Kuala Lumpur, trans. and ed. The Chinese Version of Dharmapada. Kelaniya, Sri Lanka: Postgraduate Institute of Pali and Buddhist Studies, 1995.

Gonda, Jan. The Vision of the Vedic Poets. The Hague: Mouton, 1963.

von Hinüber, O., and K.R. Norman, eds. Dhammapada. Oxford: The Pali Text Society, 1995.

Norman, K.R., trans. The Word of the Doctrine. Oxford: The Pali Text Society, 1997.

Warder, A.K. Indian Kavya Literature, vols. I and II, 2nd rev. eds. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1989 and 1990.

In addition to the above works, I have also consulted many previous English translations and renderings of the Dhammapada, complete and incomplete, including those by Ven. Ananda Maitreya, Babbitt, Beyer, Ven. Buddharakkhita, Byrom, Cleary, Kaviratna, Vens. Khantipalo and Susañña, Mascaro, Ven. Narada, Ven. Piyadassi, Radhakrishnan, and Wannapok, as well as Thai translations by Plengvithaya and Wannapok. In addition, I have consulted translations of the Udanavarga -- again, complete and incomplete -- by Sparham and Strong. I have also drawn from the Royal Thai Edition of the Pali Canon, published by Mahamakut Rajavidalaya Press, Bangkok, 1982.